Filter.



C. F. HATHAWAY. FILTER.

APPLICATION man SEPT. 9. 1914.

Patented May 2, 1916.

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To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, CHARLns 1F. HATHA- war, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful improvements in Filters, of which the following is a specificatidn.

This invention relates to filters, and more particularly to filters for handling large volumes of fluid, such asthose'utilized in purifying or cleansing the water supply of communities; and the invention has for its object to provide an improved filter which will be inexpensive and simple in construction, compact in form, positive and highly eflicient'in operation, readily cleaned or riddad of the accumulations accompanying extended periods of filtration, and which will be generally superior in efficiency and serviceabilitya With the above and-other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel and usefulprovision, formation, construction, combination, association and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all ashereinafter described, shown in the drawing and finally pointed out in claims.

In the drawing: Figure lis a-vertical transverse sectional viewlof a filter constructed inlaccordance with the invention, certain features thereof being shown in elevation or diagrammatically; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same; and-Fig. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view, being a partial showing of the matter of Fig. 1 upon an enlarged scale.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the same reference characters.

Referring with particularity to thedrawing, the filter comprises in the main a filtration chamber A within a casing consist ing of a vertical cylindrical shell 4 to which is applied a bottom closure 5 and a top closure 6, preferably curved or concave, respectively downwardly and upwardly, to a radius, in each instance, which is approximately the height or depth of the shell 4. The bottom closure 5 has a lapped joint over the bottom of the shell 4, and is permanently riveted thereto as at 7. The top closure 6 carries an annular angle iron 8 uponv an annular flange or lip 9 which is bolted to a'similar' angle iron 10 connected with the top portion of the shell 4, as at 11,

a gasket 12 being disposed between said angle irons to produce a tight joint between dpecifleatton of tettera tatent.

' the top 'and 'Both pipes 14 and 16 are coupled on to the fshell 4 of the Patented lttay iota Application med fieptemlber a, wit. fiertal Ito. tttmm.

the top closure and the shell 4. To more efectively seal thisjoint the lower edge of closure 6 and the upper edge of the shell 4 are preferably spaced slightly apart, producing a seat for a packing material or calkmg 13, which is massed into such seat and forced outwardly by the. pressure obtaining in the filtratlon chamber, and supplements the action of the gasket. In the central zone of the filtration chamber is provided a filtering or separating means B. .Three means of communication with the filtration chamber are preferably provided, one by means of a pipe 14 beneath the filtermg means B and at oneside of the filtration chamber, the second 15 at the bottom closure '5, and the third 16 above the filtration means at one side of the filtration chamber.

filtration chamber. several pipes, providing outlets and inlets 'rom and into the filtration chamber, enter materially into. thepreferred and advanta-geous mode of operation of filter, and are referably connected together, and assem led for joint use or intercommunication, by means of a bypass or shunt pipe 17fconnected with the pipes 14 the improved .and 16, and a' by-pass or shunt pipe 1'8 con-- necting the pipes. 15 and 16. A supply line pipe 19 communicates with the pipes 14 and 17. An outlet line pipe 20 communicates with the pipe 16., A drain pipe 21 communicates with the pipe 15 and the pipe '18. A gate valve 22. is provided in the pipe 14. A gate valve 23is provided in the by-pass pipe 17. A gate valve the outlet pipe 20. A gate valve 25- is provided in the by-pass pipe 18; and a gate valve 26 is provided in the pipe 15. 1 The filtration means 18 may, with respec to the other features of the'invention, be

Widely varied in construction and detail or- 27 and 28, respectively, the'perforations 29. v of which are distributed outthe extent cient size to through the of such walls, and are of sulfi- These 24 is provided ina par- Such filtra-- uniformly throughy 110" permit offree flow of liquidfiltration means. Each of such walls is held in position by a plurality of knee plates 30 which are riveted to the walls 27 and 28 and fit detachably within the shell 4, the lower series of such knee plates 30 abutting against the bottom closure 5, and the upper series thereof abutting against the top closure 6, whereby when said top closure is in place it confines and holds in position both of said. walls 27 and 28 together vwith the remaining features of the filtration means disposed between the same. Over each of said walls 27 and 28, and in the space between such walls, is laid first a course 31 of foraminous material, such as a sheet of relatively lar e mesh wire fabric or screen; and in superficial contact with and directly within gsuch sheet 31 is laid a second sheet 32 of similar material of smaller mesh. Thus, the means of egress to the space between the walls 27 and 28 is gradually diminished, from the openings 29 through the openings of the successive screens of decreasing mesh. Thus, the filtration substance I), which is massed between the screens of the sheets 32, is heldin place and prevented from escaping through the walls '27 and 28, and at the same time free assage therethrough of the liquid to be filtered is permitted, all in accordance with the density of the filtration substance 6. Such filtration substance I) may consist of fine gravel, charcoal, or other pulverulent or comminuted material, which may or may not have acontent of medicinal or other alterative for affecting the fluid passing through the filter. I

To more positively and securely hold the filtration means described within the filtration chamber, thus assisting the action of the knee plates 30, I provide a seat or ledge for the lower wall 28, the same consisting of an angle iron 33 which is riveted to and within the cylindrical shell 4 in the proper vertical zone thereof to properly station the filtration means and hold it approximately midway of the filtration chamber. Likewise, to effectively hold the top wall 27 in place, as against any surging action of the fluid passing through the filter, I provide a split holding or looking ring 34 which is introduced within the shell 4 before the 'top closure 6 is secured in place, and is held down firmly against the top wall 27, being provided at its ends with a threaded tightening device 35 whereby such ends may be forced apart to cause such ring to positively grip the inner walls of the shell 4. v

The method of assembling, mode of operation and general advantages of the improved filter constituting the invention as hereinabove described will be readily understood from such description, taken in connection with the accompanying'drawing and the following statement: In assembling the features of the filter, or means confined within the filtration chamber A, the bottom wall 28 with its two screens 31 and 32 are first lowered into position with the knee place and confine the filtration substance positively in position between the walls 27 and 28 and the attendant features. The top closure 6 is then placed in position and brought to bear upon the upper knee plates '30, assisting in the holding action of the locking ring 34. Thus, the tendency of the liquid pulsatingcr forcibly flowing through the filtration chamber to dislodge or shift or disturb any of the features of the filtration means is effectively opposed.

The water or other fluid enters the filtration chamber throughlthe pipe 14'from the supply pipe 19, the gate valve 22 being open, the gate valve 24 being, open, and the gate valves 23, 25 and 26 being closed, and rises within the filtration chamber, passing through the filtration means B, the foreign substance or substances in suspension being taken up bv the filtration substance, so that as the fluid passes out at the top of the filtration means it is clear and pure and in such state flows out through the pipe 16 and the outlet pipe 20 in which the gate valve 24 is open. The action of the filter may be continuous and may be maintained for a long period of time without attention to the filtration means B or cleansing or renewing of the same or the filtration substance I). If now it be desired to wash out or cleanse the filtration chamher and the filtration means therein, the gate valve 22 is closed, the gate valve 24 is ,closed, the gate valve 25 is closed, the gate valve 26 is opened, and the gate valve 23 is opened, thus liquid enters the filtration chamber above the filtration means and is forced downwardly through the same and emerges beneath the filtration means and passes outwardly through the pipe 15 and required. If

valve 23 is closed, the gate valve 24: is closed, the gate valve 26 is closed, the gate valve 25 is opened and the gate'v-alve 22 is opened, and fluid passes from the pipe 19 through the pipe 14: into the filtration chamber beneath the filtration means, up-

the filtration means, mmgles with the fluid above the filtration means, and carries the same out through the pipe 16 and down through the pipe 18 and away through the drain pipe 21. Now the valve 24 is opened, the valves 25 and 26 are closed, and the valve 23 is closed, and the filtration process is carried on as before. In order to remove the filtration substance b, it is only necessary to remove the top closure 6, withdraw the top wall 27 with its screens, after removing the holding ring 34, take out the filtration substance and mass in place thereof fresh filtration substances as the walls 27 and 28 and the screens applied to the same become clogged and require washing theyv may be likewise withdrawn from the top or shell 4: b removing the top closure 6 and the ho ding ring 34:. I

It is manifest that the filter described may wardly through 7 be operated for long periods of time without attention other than the cleansing and washing actions which have been described and which are rendered possibleby means of the peculiar arrangement and combination of pipes and valves whereby the several ortions of the filtration chamber are permitted to communicate with the supply pipe, the outlet pipe and the drain pipe and with each other.

High efficiency of filtration is obtained in using this apparatus, and upon test I have found that a mineral content of 76/100 of a grainto a gallon of water was ridded of 70/100 of such content by passage through a filter organized in accordance with the invention. 7

lit is manifest that many variations ma be made inpractising the invention, wit

respect to the particular features and details of construction and mode of operation, without departing from a fair interpretation of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I

2. A filter including a shell having op-' posed end closures, one of which is removable, said, shell being also provided with an interior annular ledge projecting from the side walls thereof, va pair of spaced and perforated plates arranged within the shell, one ofthem restin upon the ledge, filtering material con ned between the perforated lates, a split ring arranged within the shell? and expanded intoa positive engagement cooperation with the before mentioned ledge to hold the two perforated plates in position, and prop arms projecting laterally from the perforated platesat pomts spacedfrom the eripheries thereof, said pro and assisting in supporting the plates in proper posit1on.

In testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES F. HATHAAY.

Witnesses:

ALFRED H. Dunnmn, TYOIE Funnels.

with the side walls thereof for arms engaging the end closures of the shel 

